Fair Comment

I.        First Amendment
        A.        Often applied to media parties
        B.        "Public's right to know"
        C.        Public individuals can be defamed unless there is a priori knowledge of that the defamation is false and malicious
        D.        Subjective test
        E.        Negligence does not suffice to protect public individuals
                1.        Public officials
                2.        Celebrity
                3.        Public job (e.g. appointees)
                4.        Unintentional celebrities
        F.        Private Person v Private Defendant
                A.        strict liability ruleshttp://www.linux.com/article.pl?sid=06/03/08/2321254
        G.        Private Person v Media
                A.        no strict liability, only negligence
                B.        malice does not need to be proved
        H.        Media v Media
                A.        priv continues unless there is malice
        I.        Public Person v Media
                A.         no collection unless malice
        J.        Private v Private
                A.        strict liability will work
        K.        Damages
                1.        No presumed general damages
                2.        Show actual injury
                3.        If malice shown
                        a.        generals
                        b.        malice
        L.        Political Broadcasts
                1.        if complying with an equal broadcast mandate

Invasion of Privacy

I.        Invasion of privacy
        A.        Violates right to be left alone in private space
        B.        Words, affirmative conduct, or non-authorized publication about the plaintiff
        C.        Showing of intent, negligence or S/L
        D.        Intent
                a.        invasion
                        1.        serious and unreasonable
                        2.        rude/offensive
                b        behavior
                                i.        intrusion on solitude
                                ii.        public disclosure of private facts
                                iii.        presenting the plaintiff in a false light
                        4.        appropriating the plaintiffs image/likeness for commercial purposes
                c.        causation
                        1.        actual
                        2.        proximate        
                d.        damages
                        1.        emotional distress
                        2.        mental distress
                        3.        special or actual are not required
                e.        defenses
                        1.        consent
                        2.        fair comment and criticism
                        3.        1st amendment/FOS
        E.        Constellation
                a.        defamation
                b.        invasion
                c.        IIED

Property Crimes

I.        Arson
II.        Burglary
        A.        Trespassory breaking and entering into the dwelling house of another at nighttime with the intent to commit a felony therein
III.        Larceny
        A.        Trespassory taking and asportation of personal property of another with the intent to permanently deprive to rightful owner
        B.        Taking away the victims possessory interest
IV.        Embezzlement
        A.        Fraudulent conversion of rightfully possessed property
                1.        Done by one to which the item has been entrusted
                2.        Intent formed after receiving the possession legally
                3.        Does not require permanent depravation of dominion and control
V.        Larceny by Trickery
        A.        When the owner of property is induced to part with possession due to fraud, trickery, or deception
VI.        False Pretenses
        A.        A false representation of a material fact (past or present) which causes victim to pass title to defendant who knows representation is false and intends to defraud the victim
VII.        Forgery
        A.        Making of a false writing having actual or apparent legal significance
IIX.        Uttering
        A.        Offering an instrument known to be false which is known to be false
IX.        Receiving stolen property known to be stolen
X.        Extortion
        A.        Use of a threat other than one of immediate physical injury for the purpose of acquiring another's property, or for the purpose of inducing another to perform a service (also present or future harm to property or reputation)
XI.        Robbery
        A.        Larceny from the person or presence of another by use of force or initmidation (larceny with use or threat of force)

Transfered intent doctrine
        If a person intentionally and wrongfully directs force against one person but instead harms another, the intention transfers from one to the other.

Cheapo

I.        Actor v Cheapo
        A.        Negligence
                1.        Duty
                        a.        Invitee
                                i.        to warn
                2.        Breach
                        a.        faulty bridge
                3.        Causation
                        a.        actual
                                i.        but for the faulty bridge
                        b.        proximate
                                i.        over load is a foreseeable intervening force
                4.        Damages
                        a.        personal injury
                5.        Defenses
                        a.        assumption of the risk
                                i.        the bridge looked sturdy
                        b.        contributory negligence
                                i.        danger invites rescue and escape
                        c.        comparative negligence
II.        Worker v Cheapo
        A.        Negligence
                1.        Duty
                        a.        licensee
                                i.        to inspect and make safe
                2.        Breach
                        a.        faulty bridge
                3.        Causation
                        a.        actual
                                i.        but for the faulty bridge
                        b.        proximate
                                i.        overload is a foreseeable intervening force
                4.        Damages
                        a.        actual damages
                5.        Defenses
                        a.        assumption of the risk
                                i.        the bridge looked sturdy
                        b.        contributory negligence
                                i.        danger invites rescue and escape
                        c.        comparative negligence

Property Crimes

I.        Arson
II.        Burglary
        A.        Trespassory breaking and entering into the dwelling house of another at nighttime with the intent to commit a felony therein
III.        Larceny
        A.        Trespassory taking and asportation of personal property of another with the intent to permanently deprive to rightful owner
        B.        Taking away the victims possessory interest
IV.        Embezzlement
        A.        Fraudulent conversion of rightfully possessed property
        B.        Done by one to which the item has been entrusted
        C.        Intent formed after receiving the possession legally
        D.        Does not require permanent depravation of dominion and control
V.        Larceny by Trickery
        A.        When the owner of property is induced to part with possession due to fraud, trickery, or deception
VI.        False Pretenses
        A.        A false representation of a material fact (past or present) which causes victim to pass title to defendant who knows representation is false and intends to defraud the victim
VII.        Forgery
        A.        Making of a false writing having actual or apparent legal significance
IIX.        Uttering
        A.        Offering an instrument known to be false which is known to be false
IX.        Receiving stolen property known to be stolen
X.        Extortion
        A.        Use of a threat other than one of immediate physical injury for the purpose of acquiring another's property, or for the purpose of inducing another to perform a service (also present or future harm to property or reputation)
XI.        Robbery
        A.        Larceny from the person or presence of another by use of force or intimidation (larceny with use or threat of force)

Assignments and Delegations

I.        Assignments and Delegations
        A.        Transfer of rights = assignment
                1.        All rights are assignable unless the assignment varies or changes the obligation
        B.        Transfer of duties = delegation
                1.        Personal duties can not be delegated
II.        Vesting (how does a party vest itself)
        A.        Knowledge
        B.        Assent
        C.        Reliance
        D.        Legal Action

Property Crimes

I. Property
A. Bundles of power, privilege, rights, and immunities often referred to as ownership of a thing
II. Custody
A. Lawful temporary possession of an item
III. Larceny
A. Trespassory taking and asportation of the personal property of another with the intent to permanently deprive
IV. Burglary
A. Trespassory breaking and entering into the dwelling house of another at nighttime with the intent to commit a felony therein

Notes

I. Firm Offer
A. 90-days or time stipulated in the offer
II. Recision
A. Right to cancel is OK if right is restricted in any way (e.g. 30-day notice)
III. Failure of a presumed condition
A. Seller excused from liability
B. Buyer must be notified
C. Rise in prices
1. Foreseeable?
2. Risk of fixed price contract
IV. Severance
A. If unconscionable or impracticable, part of the contract can be removed by the court
V. Conditions
A. If you have a duty to perform, your duty does not mature until conditions have been met, satisfied, or excused
1. Implied covenant of good faith
2. Implied condition of good faith
VI. Breach
A. Before law day --> Anticipatory repudiation
B. On law day
1. Is it material or minor?
VII. Remedies
A. Specific performance
1. Land
2. Real property
3. Unique goods/chattel
IIX. Satisfaction
A. Substantial Performance
IX. Excused
A. Waiver: only minor conditions can be waived
1. no waiver if waiver detrimentally relied upon
B. Breach
1. Prevention (not cooperating)
2. Repudiation (anticipatory)
3. Forfeiture
i. very unlikely ("the court abhors a forfeiture")

Readings to 3.1.06

King v Pear        255
Reginald v Hands        259
Reg v Thurborn        268
Hooper         266
                        268
                        271
                        272
Cooms                274
                        275
Brown                278
Langis                283
Del Monte        299
Skaggs                307
Stahl                311
Faulkner                312
Ashley                315
McGovern        350